一、同步知识梳理
1.produce v.生产，制造，出产
例：The drug produces side-effects to women.
The company produces toys.
The apple trees won’t produce fruit.
课文例句：中国哪里产茶？/茶在中国哪里被生产？
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(Where is tea produced in China.)
2、widely adv. 广泛地，普遍地
例：English is widely spoken around the world.
Computers are widely used by almost all fields.
课文例句：例如，安溪和杭州普遍因为茶被知晓。
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(For example, Anxi and Hangzhou are widely known for their tea.)
widely 和wide
wide做副词时表示空间宽度；widely意思是"广泛地"，"在许多地方"。例如：
He opened the door wide. 他把门开得大大的。
English is widely used in the world.英语在世界范围内广泛使用。
翻译：把嘴张大。
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他曾在广泛地区旅行。
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(Open your mouth wide./ He has traveled widely.)
其他类似词汇总结
1） close与closely
close意思是"近"；closely 意思是"仔细地"。例如：
He is sitting close to me. 他就坐在我边上。
Watch him closely. 盯着他。
2） late 与lately
late意思是"晚"；lately 意思是"最近"。例如：
You have come too late. 你来得太晚了。
What have you been doing lately? 近来好吗？
What have you been doing lately? 最近你都干了些什么？
3） deep与deeply
deep意思是"深"，表示空间深度；deeply时常表示感情上的深度，"深深地"。例如：
He pushed the stick deep into the earth.他把棍子深深插进土里。
Even father was deeply moved by the film.老爸也被电影深深打动了。
4） high与highly
high表示空间高度；highly表示程度，相当于much。
例如：
The plane was flying high. 这架飞机飞得很高。
I think highly of your opinion. 你的看法很有道理。
I think highly of your opinion. 我会仔细考虑你的意见。
3.process v.加工，处理
例：When the leaves are ready, they are picked by hand and then are sent for processing.
n.过程，进程 例：a process of digestion(消化)
翻译：a process of preparation__________________
in the process____________________
制造一辆小汽车是个很长的过程。
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巴西开始进口（import）大豆（soybean可数名词）在国内加工。
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(准备过程，在过程中。Building a car is a long process
Brazil began importing soybeans to process at home.）
4. avoid v.避免，回避
过去式: avoided 过去分词: avoided 现在分词: avoiding 第三人称单数: avoids
avoid是及物动词,可接名词、代词或动名词作宾语,不接动词不定式,可用于被动结构
1. avoid后可接动名词，不可接不定式。
You had better avoid reading in the train.
△ 2. avoid指“避免（成功）”，若是企图避免却失败的，不可用avoid。
I avoided meeting him, but somehow bumped against him.
(句中我企图避免见他，却还是撞上了，不可单用avoid，需把avoided改成tried to avoid。)
课文例句：他意识到美国人几乎不能避免买中国制造的产品。
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（He realized that Americans can hardly avoid buying products made in China.）
翻译：1）He'll grab at any excuse to avoid doing the dishes.
2）你应避免不必要的重复（repetition）。
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3）他们都避免提及那名字。
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(他会随便找个借口来逃避洗碗。/You should avoid unnecessary repetition./They all avoided mentioning that name.)
5.competitior n.参赛者，竞争者
例句：That company is a strong competitor of us.
相关单词
compete 不及物动词,接against表示“与…对抗” compete against the government
接for表示“夺取…” compete for the final competition
接with表示“对…抗争 compete with Australia team
Competition n.竞争，比赛
There is keen competition between the two motorcar firms.
两家汽车公司之间存在着激烈的竞争。
翻译：
1） 这个公司比它的竞争者有更好的产品。
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2) 我们能与最好的队竞争。
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3) 下个星期有一场国际象棋比赛。
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4) 他期盼着参加伦敦马拉松比赛。
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5) 我们不能避免竞争。
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(The firm has better products than its competitors.
We can compete with the best teams.
There will be a chess competition next week.
He's hoping to compete in the London marathon.
We can’t avoid competition . )
6.paint v.用颜料画，涂漆/ n.颜料
作名词 (n.)
1. Some paint will keep the wood from damage by water.
某些油漆可以使木头不受水损坏。
2. Don't touch the door; the paint is wet.
别碰这门,油漆未干。
3. She wears far too much paint.
她化妆太浓。
4. The artist brought his paints with him.
那画家自带颜料。
用作动词 (v.)
用作不及物动词
1. All day she painted and read.
她整天绘画看书。
2. The lady is aging quickly and now paints heavily.
那位女士老得很快,所以现在她脂粉搽得很厚。
用作及物动词
1. When will you paint the wall?
你们什么时候漆墙?
2. He is painting the door.
他在漆门。
用于be +～ed结构
1. The door was thickly painted.
门被漆得厚厚的。
2. The house was freshly painted.
房子刚油漆过。
用作宾补动词
1. He painted the gate green.
他把大门漆成绿色。
用作双宾动词
2. He is painting her a picture.
他正在为她作画。
翻译：一些风筝被涂上了各种颜色。
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放学后，我要去买些颜料。
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她想要把墙刷成粉色。
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(Some kites were painted all kinds of colors.
I am going to buy some paint after school.
She wants to paint the wall pink.)
7.lively adj. 活泼的； 活跃的； 栩栩如生的； 真实的
即可指人也可指物
比较级: livelier 最高级: liveliest 名词: liveliness
课文例句：The pieces are usually cute children or lively characters from a Chinese fairy tale or historical story.
例：She formed a lively dog out of the clay. 她用泥做了一只栩栩如生的狗。
翻译：她是一个活泼的孩子，且深受大家欢迎。
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校园生活是友好、安全并且生机勃勃的。
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巴黎是世界上最具活力城市之一。
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(She's a lively child and popular with everyone.
Life>题型3：课文检测
Pam: China is f________ for tea, right?
Liu Jun: Yes, both in the p______ and now.
Pam: Where is tea p_________ in China?
Liu Jun: Well, in many different a________. For example, Anxi and Hangzhou are w________ known for their tea.
Pam: How is it g________?
Liu Jun: Well, it’s planted>Pam: What happens next?
Liu Jun: The tea is p________ and sent to many different c________and places around China.
Pam: It s_________ that Chinese tea is d_________ all over the world.
Liu Jun: Yes, people say that tea is good for both h_________ and b_________!
（famous， past， produced， areas, widely, grown, sides, leaves, picked
Sent, processing, packed, countries, seems, drunk, health, business)
一、被动语态的概念和结构 英语的语态分主动语态和被动语态，主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，而被动语态则表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态由“助动词be+过去分词”构成。
1.一般现在时：am (is, are) + done.
如：主动语态：我们打扫教室。 We clean the room every day.
被动语态：教室被我们打扫。The classroom is cleaned by us every day.
如：主动语态：我们昨晚打扫了教室。 We cleaned the classroom last night.
被动语态：昨晚教室被我们打扫了。The classroom was cleaned by us last night. 二、主动语态改为被动语态的方法 ☆三步走： （1）把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。（2）把谓语变成被动结构（be＋过去分词） （根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式）。（3）把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。 歌诀：宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用。练习一；一般现在时的被动语态 1. 将主动语态的句子改为被动语态 (1) Everyone likes him. ______________________________. (2) Many people play football in the world. ______________________________. (3) I wash the clothes myself. ___________________. (4) People use knives for cutting things. __________________________. 2. 翻译句子： (1) 在我家，饭是我妈妈烧的。______________________. (2) 许多人说英语。___________________________ 练习二：一般过去时的被动语态的练习： 按照要求完成句子 (1) The first car __________________ in 1886. ( 第一辆车造于1886年。) (2). All the students _____________ (ask) to bring a kite with them last Sunday. (3) The car _________ (clean) by Dad yesterday. (4) The house ________________（build） in 1978. (5) Jim drew the picture. (主动语态改为被动语态) _____________________________________________________. (6) I planted the trees last year. (主动语态改为被动语态) _____________________________________________________.Keys: 练习一. 1. He is liked by everyone. 2. Football is played by many people in the world. 3. The clothes are washed by myself. 4. Knives are used for cutting things by people. Dinner is cooked by my mother in my family. English is spoken by many people. 练习二. 1. was made 2. were asked 3. was cleaned 4. was built 5. The picture was drawn by Jim. 6. The trees were planted by me last year.三、被动语态语态的用法：
1.强调动作接受者
eg. He is liked by everyone. 他受到每个人的喜爱。
The bag was taken away by his sister. 那个口袋是她姐姐提走的。
2. 不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
eg. Some new computers were stolen last night.昨晚一些新的电脑被偷了。
He was born in 1971.他出生于1971年
四. 主动语态变被动语态注意的几个问题（1）时态和数保持一致。
（2）如果要说出动作的执行者，并且这个执行者可以作主动语态中主语时，就用by短语，如果后面的词表示地点，不是动作的执行者，就用in短语。
It is made by us. It is made in Wuhan.
( 3 )主动句的主语是代词的主格形式，变成被动句by的宾语时要用其宾格形式。
He cleaned the car. → The car was cleaned by him.
例题：【例1】The flowers in my garden ________________ every day.
A. is watered B. are watered C. was watered D. were watered
【例2】 I wasn’t at home yesterday. I ______ to help with Tommy’s party.
A. asked B. am asked C. was asked D. am asking
练习：
( )1. . —Do you often clean your classroom?
—Yes, our classroom ______ every day.
A. clean B. cleans C. is cleaned D. Cleaned
( )2. The sick boy _________ to hospital by the police yesterday.
A. is taken B. was taken C. takes D. took
( )3. The Olympic Games ___________every four years.
A are held B were held C．are holding D．will ho1d
( )4. Many trees and flowers ______ in our school last year，and they made our school a beautiful garden．
A. plant B．planted C．have planted D．were planted
( )5. After the room ______, we’ll go> A. paint B. paints C. will paint D. is painted
( )6. _____ a new library _____ in our school last year?
A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did ; build
( )7.Who _____ this book _____?
A. did; written B. was; written by C. did; written D. was; written
C B A D D BB课后作业
一、按课文填空
The Difficult Search for American Goods in the US
If you go to another country, what kinds of things would you buy? Would you buy a c_______ in Japan, some beautiful clothes in F________, or a w________ in Switzerland? _______ ________ what you may buy, you might probably think those p_________ were made in those countries. However, you could be w_________. Kang Jian is a 17-year-old student from Shanghai. Last year he went to visit his aunt and uncle in San Francisco. He found it interesting that so many products in the l_______ shops were made in China. “I wanted to buy a toy car for my c________, but even though most of the t______ had American b_______, they were made in China.”
Toys are not the>
二、完形填空（15%）
The family had just moved. The young woman was feeling a little __1__. It was Mother’s Day – and she was 800 miles away her from her parents.
She had __2__ them that morning, and her mother had mentioned how colorful their backyard was now that spring had arrived. Later, she told her __3_ how she missed those lilacs (丁香花) in her parents’ yard. “I know where we can find some,” he said. “Get the kids and come>
1.A.green 2.A.visited 3.A.husband 4.A.door 5.A.moved 6.A.Proudly 7.A.gave up 8.A.where 9.A.ate 10.A.As 11.A.why 12.A.quiet 13.A.picked 14.A.January 15.A.beautiful | B.red B.asked B.friend B.garden B.rushed B.Carefully B.turned over B.which B.danced B.Because B.when B.confused B.dried B.May B.fat | C.yellow C.called C.children C.yard C.walked C.Quickly C.woke up C.that C.played C.So C.how C.alone C.planted C.July C.old | D.blue D.helped D.mother D.hill D.flew D.Sadly D.got off D.when D.chatted D.Since D.where D.patient D.hid D.September D.young |
三、阅读理解（10%）
I was 9 years old when I found out my father was ill. It was 1944, but I can remember my mother's words as if it were yesterday:" Kerrel, I don't want you to take food from your father, because he has AIDS. Be very careful when you are around him."
AIDS wasn't something we talked about in my country when I was growing up. From then>1.What does Kerrel tell us about her father?
A. He had stayed in the hospital since he fell ill.
B. He depended>2.What can we learn from the underlined sentence?
A. Kerrel couldn't understand her teacher.
B. Kerrel had special difficulty in hearing.
C. Kerrel was too troubled to focus>3.Why did Kerrel keep her father's disease a secret?
A. She was afraid of being looked down upon.
B. She thought it was shameful(耻辱的) to have AIDS.
C. She found no>4. What’s the meaning of the word “cruel” in Paragraph 4?
A.惨淡的 B.无情的 C.粗鲁的 D.痛苦的
5.Why did Kerrel write the passage?
A. To tell people about the sufferings of her father.
B. To show how little people knew about AIDS.
C. To draw people's attention to AIDS.
D. To remember her father.
四、选词填空（10%）
time, horse, by, also, enough, however, few, ready, send, hold |
To:Christin foo@hotmail.com Date:23rd March Subject:The Riding for the Disable Association
Hi: Christine,
Sorry, I haven’t emailed lately----I’ve been very busy since becoming a volunteer for the Riding for the Disable Association.
Every Saturday, I help to get the horses ___1___ for the disabled(残疾的) riders. Many more disabled people want to ride _____2_____ than you’d imagine. It’s a disadvantage that I don’t know how to ride----I’d love to get to long rides with riders----but I’ll learn soon ____3___. Right now, I’m just happy to be able to lead the horses around for the disabled riders.
I’m ____4______ helping to organize a sale, which will be ____5______ next month. It’s a lot more work than helping the disabled. I need to collect second-hand things to sell at the sale. There are ____6____ things available(获得的) than I thought, but I’m sure we’ll have enough ____7____ next month.
I hope the sale raises more money than last month’s walk. It was rainy, so too few people took part in the event. Last week, we held an auction(拍卖). The auction took much less ____8____ to organize than the walk. ____9____, for some reason, people offered too little money for the things, so we did’t raise enough money.
I’m ____10____ you some pictures in the letter, as well as a speech I gave last week.
Robin
答案：
(第一段：camera, France, watch, No matter, products, wrong, local, cousin, toys, brands
第二段：explains, realized, avoid, fact, continues, handbags, mobile, flags, wishes, parts)
二．完形填空
1-5 DCADB 6-10 BDADA 11-15 ACCBC
三．阅读理解
1-5 DCABC
四．选词填空
1.ready 2.horses 3.enough 4.also 5.held
6.fewer 7.by 8. time 9.However 10.sending