Unit1 How can we become good learners?
Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。Come>Unit 6 When was it invented？一．重点短语1.by accident偶然;意外地 2.divide into把…分成…3.take place发生 happen发生（没有被动形式）4.all of a sudden=suddenly 突然;猛地5.look up to 仰慕 6.dream of 梦想;梦见7.translate…into…把…翻译成…二．重点语法1. 辨析invent; find; find out; discoverinvent“发明”，指通过劳动运用聪明才智“发明/创造”出以前从未存在过的新事物例：Who invented the telephone?He invented a new teaching method．find“找到、发现”，指找到或发现自己所需要的东西或丢失的东西，着重指找到的结果。例：We've found oil under the South Sea．I finally found my English book.find out指经过研究或询问查明某事或真相。例：I've found you out at last.Please find out when the ship sails for New York.Please find out what time the delegation will come.discover“发现”，表示“偶然”或“经过努力”发现客观存在的事物、真理或错误，即指发现原来客观存在但不为人所知的事物，也可表示发现已为人所知的事物的新的性质或用途。Columbus discovered America in1492．We soon discovered the truth．我们很快就弄清了真相。2.一般过去时的被动语态（见P188页） 结构：was/were+过去分词Unit 7 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.一．重点短语1. choose their own clothes选择自己的衣服2. be serious about对…认真，严肃 3. care about担心4. eight hours’ sleep八小时的睡眠 5. driver’s/driving license驾照6. instead of doing sth代替做某事 7. wear uniforms穿校服8. be good for对…有益 be bad for对…有害 9. a fifteen-year-old boy一个15岁的男孩10. talk back回嘴，顶嘴 11. volunteer to do sth志愿做某事12. make my own decision 做自己的决定13. old people’s home养老院14. the importance of …的重要性 15. make sure确保16. a professional runner一个专业的赛跑者17.keep…away from远离 get in the way of挡…路;妨碍18. stay up 熬夜 19. a part-time job兼职20. be strict with sb. 对某人严厉 be strict in sth对某事严厉二．重点句型1．She is a sixteen-year-old girl.=She is sixteen years old.2. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事（主动语态）be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事（被动语态）Mother allows me to watch TV every night.LiLy is allowed to go to America.3. get their ears pierced 穿耳洞 让/使（别人）做某事 get sth. done(过去分词) have sth. doneI get my hair cut. == I have my hair cut.4. enough 足够 形容词＋enough 如：beautiful enough 足够漂亮 enough＋名词 如：enough food 足够食物 enough…to 足够…去做…例：I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足够的钱去北京。 She is old enough to go to school.她够大去读书了。5. stop doing sth. 停止做某事 Please stop speaking.stop to do sth. 停止下来去做某事 Please stop to speak.6. 系动词用法：系动词+adj常用的系动词有：look, feel, be, become, get, turn, smell, taste, stay(保持), kept等。连系动词除be和become等少数词可接名词作表语外，一般都是接形容词。 例：They are very happy. He became a doctor two years ago.She felt very tired. The grass turns green.7. get in the way of 碍事，妨碍如：Her social life got in the way of her studies.8. also 用于句中 I also like apples. either用于否定句句末 I don’t like apples, either. too 用于肯定句句末 I like apples, too.Unit 8 it must belong to Carla.一．重点短语1.be long to属于 2.listen to classical music听古典音乐3.at school在学校 4.at the picnic在野餐5.go to the concert去听音乐会 attend a concert参加音乐会6. run for exercise跑步锻炼 7.catch a bus赶公共汽车8.keep healthy保持健康 9.point out指出10.pop music流行音乐 light music轻音乐 folk music民间音乐country music乡村音乐 foreign music外国音乐 jazz爵士乐 rock摇滚乐 11. the rest of其余的人或物12. have no idea不知道 13. not>14. make noise(可数)吵闹 15.an ocean of许许多多、无穷无尽的 16. call the police 报警 17. get>二.重点语法 1. must, may, might, could, may, can’t+动词原形 表示推测，程度不同must 一定,肯定(100%的可能性)may, might, could有可能, 也许(20%－80%的可能性)can’t 不可能, 不会(可能性几乎为零)例：The dictionary must be mine. It has my name>The CD might/could/may belong to Tony, because he likes listening to pop music.The hair band can’t be Bob’s. After all, he is boy!2. 当play 指弹奏乐器时，常在乐器前用定冠词play the guitar play the piano play the violin当play 指进行球类运动时，则不用定冠词 play football play basketball play baseball3. try to do sth.尝试做某事 try/do>例：I try to climb the tree.He tried his best to run.4.escape from …从哪里逃跑出来 例：He escaped from the burning building.5. 辨析because of , becausebecause of +名词/代词/名词性短语because +从句例：I do it because I like it. 我做这件事是因为我喜欢。I had to move because of my job. 因为工作的原因我得搬家。6. anything strange 一些奇怪的东西当形容词修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代词时，放在这些词的后面7. there be sb./ sth. doing例：There is a cat eating fish.There must be something visiting our home.8. look for 寻找 指过程 find 找到 指结果 例：I am looking for a pen. 我正在找一支笔。（指找的过程）I found my pen just now. 我刚刚找到了我的笔。（指找的结果）9. hear 听 指听的结果listen 听指听的过程 如：例：Did you hear ? 你听到了吗？（指听的结果，听或没听到）I often listen to the music. 我经常听音乐。（指听的过程）10. take place 常指“(某事)按计划进行或按计划发生”(二者都无被动)happen常指具体事件的发生，特别指那些偶然或未能预见的“发生”例:Great changes have taken place in China since.New things are happening all around us.take place还有“举行”之意。例:The meeting will take place next Friday.happen还可表示“碰巧；恰好”之意例:It happened that I had no money>Unit 9 I like music that I can dance to.一.重点短语1.stay away from 远离 2. be sure 确定；确信3. be sure to do 一定要做某事 4.make sure that...确保…;确定…5. stay out待在外面 6. stay up熬夜7.in that case既然那样 8.in case万一9.stick to坚持;固守 10.in total总共；合计11.plenty of 大量；充足 12.once in a while偶尔；间或二.重点语法1.prefer的用法【1】prefer A to B、A与B相比较,比较喜欢A例:I prefer English to Chinese. Ipreferfishtomeat.【2】prefer doing A to doing B,A与B相比,比较喜欢做A例：I prefer swimming to running.【3】prefer to do A rather than do B，A与B相比,比较喜欢做A例：I preferred to stay behind rather than go with you.【4】词组prefer not to do “不愿意做……”2. whatever 相当于no matter what例:Wherever you go, whatever you do, I’ll be right here waiting for you.3. cheer up高兴起来；振作起来 使欢乐；使高兴例:Cheer up！Your troubles will soon be over．He tried to cheer them up with funny stories．3. marry娶;嫁;结婚;和...结婚 marry sb. / get married 表示动作例. He married a pretty girl.She married a soldier. =She got married to a soldier.They got married last year.4. keep healthy 保持健康例. In order to keep healthy, he keeps jogging every day. keep in good health, keep fit和 stay healthy 都表示“保持健康”巧记以o结尾的名词变复数：两人两菜一枝烟注：两人指的是negro黑人,hero英雄,两菜指的是tomato西红柿,potato土豆,一枝烟,是说tobacco烟草,这些词变复数时要加是-es,其余以o结尾的加-s。5.定语从句 观察两个句子,看看有什么区别:an interesting book 形容词interesting做定语修饰booka book that is interesting that is interesting句子做定语修饰bookinteresting/that is interesting作用是相同的,都是用作定语来修饰名词book, 这种在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 定义：复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。定语从句要跟在所修饰的名词或代词后面，被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。定语从句一般用关系代词who，that，which和whose来引导，放在从句的句首使从句与主句相连，并在句中担当一定的成分。I like music that I can dance to. (作宾语)I prefer singers who can write their own songs. (作主语) 注1：That在从句中作主语或宾语(作宾语时that 可省略)（指物）A plane is a machine that can fly.(作主语) The noodles（that）I cooked were delicious.(作宾语)（指人）Who is the man that is reading the book over there? (作主语) The girl (that) we say yesterday was Jim’s sister. (作宾语)注2：从句的谓语和先行词的单复数保持一致I like a sandwich that is really delicious.I love singers who are beautiful. 注3：Which在从句中作主语或宾语(作宾语时可省)（指物）The silk which is produced in Hangzhou sells well. (作主语) The songs (which）Liu Dehua sang were very popular. (作宾语) 注4：Who(主语), whom(宾语)（指人）例.The boy who break the window is called Roy. (作主语) The person to whom you just talked is Mr. Li.(作宾语) 注5： Whose 在从句中作定语指人或物的所有格I like the girl whose hair is long. (作定语)Unit 10 You are supposed to shake hands.一.重点词组 1. be supposed to do sth被期望/要求做某事；应该 2. shake hands 握手 3. drop by 顺便拜访4. after all毕竟;终归 5. pick up 拾起；捡起 接某人 6. make a noise 发出噪音 7. table manners 餐桌礼仪 8. get used to 习惯于 9. be relaxed about对…随意/放松 10. get mad大动肝火;气愤 11.clean…off 把…擦掉12.take off脱下(衣服)；(飞机等)起飞 13.make an effort作出努力14.make sb feel at home使某人感到宾至如归 15.cut up切开;切碎16.be expected to do 被期待做… 17.make friends with与…交朋友18.as soon as一…就… 19.to>20. be different from 与…不同 21.on time 按时 in time及时二.重点语法1. （1）suppose：猜想;假设 suppose that表示“猜测;假设”，that可省 例：I suppose he is a student. （2）be supposed to do sth被期望做某事，应该做某事。相当于 should 和ought to例：We are supposed to stop smoking.You are supposed to say hello to the foreigners. 【练习】You are supposed _____ hands when you meet for the first time. A. to shake B. shake C. shaking D. shook 2. make plans to do == plan to do. 打算做某事 例She has made plans to go to Beijing.=She has planed to go to Beijing. go out of>例：He went out of his way to make me happy.3. In Switzerland, it’s very important to be>分析：it是形式主语，不定式是真正的主语。例：To clean the blackboard is your job.＝It’s your job to clean the blackboard. 4. We are the land of watches, after all. 毕竟我们是钟表王国。 （1）the land of watches钟表王国 例：China is the land of bikes.（2）after all毕竟 例：After all your brother is a little kid. 【练习】 Don’t be angry with her, _____ she is your mother. A. at first B. by the way C. after all D. in a word 5. Thanks for...＝Thank you for...表示“因...而感谢”，后接名词、代词或者动名词作宾语例:Thanks for helping me. Thanks for your message. 【练习】Thank you for _____ me to your birthday party. A. to ask B. asked C. invite D. Inviting6. 辨析except和besides （1）except“除......之外”不包括所说的东西例：I get up early except Sunday. （不包括星期天） Nobody was late for the meeting except me today. （2）besides的意思是“除了......之外，还有” 例：Five others are late besides me. （包含我在内）7. not ...any more=no more 不再 not... any longer＝no longer 不再例：The boy didn’t cry any more/longer when he saw his mother. 【练习】Don’t try to fool us. We are not children _______ A. any longer B. any more C. after all D. A, B and C 8.辨析maybe和may be （1）maybe 副词：“大概、或许”，常用于句首表示不确定的猜测。 例：Maybe your father is at home. （2）may be 情态动词：may＋动词原形be构成句子的谓语，情态动词may表示推测，译为：也许 许、可能”。【练习】Look at that tall man. He ______ your new teacher. A. maybe B. really be C. to be D. may be
